Schizophrenia / antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids

ironjustice@aol.com · medicine forum Guru Joined: 28 Apr 2005 Posts: 1522

Prevention of oxidative stress-mediated neuropathology and improved
clinical outcome by adjunctive use of a combination of antioxidants and
omega-3 fatty acids in schizophrenia.
Mahadik SP, Pillai A, Joshi S, Foster A
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2006 Apr ; 18(2): 119-31

Schizophrenia is associated with a broad range of neurodevelopmental,
structural and behavioral abnormalities that often progress with or
without treatment. Evidence indicates that such neurodevelopmental
abnormalities may result from defective genes and/or non-genetic
factors such as pre-natal and neonatal infections, birth complications,
famines, maternal malnutrition, drug and alcohol abuse, season of
birth, sex, birth order and life style. Experimentally, these factors
have been found to cause the cellular metabolic stress that often
results in oxidative stress, such as increased cellular levels of
reactive oxygen species (ROS) over the antioxidant capacity. This can
trigger the oxidative cell damage (i.e., DNA breaks, protein
inactivation, altered gene expression, loss of membrane lipid-bound
essential polyunsaturated fatty acids [EPUFAs] and often apoptosis)
contributing to abnormal neural growth and differentiation. The brain
is preferentially susceptible to oxidative damage since it is under
very high oxygen tension and highly enriched in ROS susceptible
proteins, lipids and poor DNA repair. Evidence is increasing for
increased oxidative stress and cell damage in schizophrenia.
Furthermore, treatments with some anti-psychotics together with the
lifestyle and dietary patterns, that are pro-oxidant, can exacerbate
the oxidative cell damage and trigger progression of neuropathology.
Therefore, adjunctive use of dietary antioxidants and EPUFAs, which are
known to regulate the growth factors and neuroplasticity, can
effectively improve the clinical outcome. The dietary supplementation
of either antioxidants or EPUFAs, particularly omega-3 has already been
found to improve some psychopathologies. However, a combination of
antioxidants and omega-3 EPUFAs, particularly in the early stages of
illness, when brain has high degree of neuroplasticity, potentially may
be even more effective for long-term improved clinical outcome of
schizophrenia.

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